Growing Up in Araby by James Joyce and Boys and Girls by Alice Munro Es

Growing Up in Araby by crowd Joyce and Boys and Girls by Alice MunroIn the stories Araby by James Joyce, and Boys and Girls by Alice Munro, there is a common theme of growing up. In both of these stories the characters came to a realization of who they were and what they wanted to be. They both are of the age when truthfulness strikes and priorities take on meaning. The characters in both stories evolve through rites of passage but the way in which these revolutions occur differ with each character.These stories can be seen as different from each other in many ways. The young boy lives in a house in a suburban field of operations without a mother or a father, but with guardians. He has a group of friends nearby he hangs out with. Though, he has no siblings. His revelation lets him attract the finer things in life, like women. He finds his friends are boring and no longer wants to play. Also, he obsesses over the young girl across the street in an unhealthy way. It almost seems as if he could grow to be a psychopath. He follows behind her on the way to school, waits for her before school, and watches her from his door.The young girl on the other hand, lives in the outskirts of town, if not pure country. She does not play with anybody but a younger brother she has. She worships her father and neglects her mother. She also has no respect for her mother, although after in the story, she goes on about all the hard work she does. Unlike the boy, the young girl is kept occupied with lots of...

Online Communities :: Music Shoegaze Internet Essays

Online Communities When searching for online communities I decided to research a subject I already had a little cognition about. My friend had told me about an online forum he was subscribed to named Blisscent. Blisscent is a group of over 1500 people who are interested in the musical style of shoegaze rock. For those who do not know what shoegaze sounds like it can be described as a spacey textured form of hard rock shoegaze began in Britain during the beforehand(predicate) 1980s. Shoegaze is a semi-sleepy music. The guitar riffs are often overlaid many times during the recording process, which makes adept feel like he is surrounded with a wall of thick sound. The chords are not hard and cut up, they are slow deep chords. The synthesizers often add a background noise and the drumbeats unite with the synthesizers that in turn meld with the guitars. The vocals are usually slowly exhaled and pulsate with the direction of the music. Every aspec t of the music combines together to create a hybrid sound that seems to be originating from one source. It could be described as the seconds before getting taken under by a title wave, only in slow motion however with the regular sounds of the waves crashing into you. I know a little bit about shoegaze, its not my favorite genre of music, but I thought I would be able to understand the basic ideas of the community. I found that I was wrong I had never heard of most of the bands being discussed. I could pull in a few and had heard some before but the members of this forum new everything about these bands. The community seemed to know each other very salutary members were inviting other members to concerts their band was playing at. Some members sent postings making fun of other bands that they knew. Members congratulated each other with a posting after seeing the others band.

history Essay -- essays research papers

In 1790 a new nation was on the rise. With the help of the French, the people of the thirteen colonies of America had united together to defeat the greatest imperium of the world. This was the shining moment of America. Freedom was theirs, and this is what they have been wanting since the pilgrims arrived almost two centuries before. They were now going to take on an even greater task because fighting the British establishing a system of g everywherenment that would be fair and that would be accepted throughout all of America. One thing the founding fathers knew they had to do was establish a document that would unite the states under one system of laws, so they would be a single country. The Articles of Confederation were overly weak and could non meet the demands the country as whole needed, so they drafted a new constitution. This new constitution was a brilliant document that expressed how there is no true sovereign power because the power ultimately lies in the people. This document, scored in the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, was to become the foundation for our country and is still the fountainhead document that the America of today follows. Nevertheless, there were still some people opposed to this document. The Anti-federalists, as they were called, believed that if the constitution was enacted then the central government would become too powerful. They believed America would then become a tyrannical government, which is what America fought so hard to get away from. The anti-federalists said a bill of rights was needed to nab the case government from being tyrannical. It was clear that this country would need a bill of rights, so one of the main jobs of the first Gaines 2Congress was to create one. In 1789 twelve amendments were approved by congress and by the end of 1791 they had been ratified by the states and had become the Bill of Rights. They were the first ten amendments to the constitution, and they prevented a national gov ernment from ever becoming too powerful. These docum... ...told Washington that the list of prisoners from the rebellion had risen to about 150. Hamilton also informer Washington the rebels were no longer an assembled force, entirely some small parties not really causing much damage. The hype and rebellions slowly died down and on July 10, 1795 Washington issued a pardon to those who were imprisoned, but not yet sentenced. Also, Washington had already pardoned the two who were sentenced to death, and most of the people who were arrested were already acquitted because of a lack of evidence. Because of this event, the new Federal Government asserted its rights over the individual states, while also making the government more democratic and allowing the right of dissent without committing treason (Department of Treasury). The states were able to unify as one to catch up with a challenge. This event showed that the constitution could indeed work, and that the national government must posses some power in order for the country to stay as a whole. This was just one obstacle that America would be faced with in its short history, but it showed that a government whose intent is truly for the people and by the people can survive and withstand any obstacles.

Cultural Evolution vs. Technological Innovation Essay examples -- Expl

Cultural Evolution vs. Technological Innovation Historically, in the relationship between human enculturation and technology, cultural evolution has lagged behind the pace of technological innovation. Technology is the human solution to fulfilling human needs. As these needs change, new technologies will supplement the nonagenarian ones inevitably changing the culture which created it, resulting in a co-evolution of technology and culture and impacting the future of their culture. The disparate rate of cultural vs. technological evolution has consequences which cloud the scenery of the future of the human race unless we change the historical blueprint and try to thwart our disposition towards ignoring the responsibility we have today for the world we will make love in tomorrow. Cultural evolution is the nature of human interaction, their relationship with the environment and the immediate and long term trajectory of these interactions as influenced by inherited knowledge, life-s tyle and customs is how a culture adapts itself to the progress within and around it. Morgan saw the history of human cultures as a progression from savagery, through barbarism to finish (Chant 54). This progression was inevitably caused by technology. Technological innovation is increasing human mastery over resources and sources of energy. Technology has developed because of humans fear of death that our consciousness keeps lurking in the background. Technology historically has given solutions to the problems of survival by creating more efficient ways to get food and energy. However, after humans establish themselves at the top of the food chain, although the threshold between survival and comfort is unclear human focus shifts from brute survival... ...chnologies than to change the cultures. The earth has reached the threshold, of human life that piece of ass be supported in order to survive, humans need to take a two fold approach- the industrialized world needs to put into execute green energies and all human cultures need to anticipate the macroevolutionary consequences of the daily culture and lifestyle. Choices need to be made, keeping sustainability in mind. History has shown that human law, religion, government and insurance policy greatly influence cultural macroevolution. SourcesChant, Colin. Pre-industrial Cities & Technology. London Routledge. 1999.Cipolla, C. M. Epilog from Guns, Sails, and Empires Technological Innovation and the Early Phases of European Expansion, 1400-1700. Sunflower Univ. Press, 1996.Ehrlich, Paul R., in Human Natures Genes Cultures, and the Human Prospect, Island Press, 2000.

The Roswell Incident :: essays research papers

The Roswell IncidentForty-seven long time ago an incident occurred in the southwestern desert of theUnited States that could have real implications for all mankind. Itinvolved the recovery by the U.S. Military of worldly alleged to be ofextraterrestrial origin. The event was announced by the Army assembly line military unit on July 8,1947 through a press release carried by newspapers throughout the country. Itwas subsequently denied by what is now believed to be a cover story claiming thematerial was nothing more than a weather balloon. It has remained veiled ingovernment secrecy ever since.The press release announcing the unusual event was issued by the commandant ofthe 509th Bomb Group at Roswell Army Air Field, Colonel William Blanchard, wholater went on to become a four-star general and Vice Chief of Staff of theUnited States Air Force. That the weather balloon story was a cover-up has beenconfirmed by individuals directly involved, including the late General ThomasDuBose, who took the telephone call from Washington, D.C. ordering the cover-up.numerous other credible military and civilian witnesses have testified that theoriginal press release was correct and that the Roswell wreckage was ofextraterrestrial origin. One such individual was Major Jesse Marcel, the newsworthiness Officer of the 509th Bomb Group and one of the first militaryofficers at the scene.On January 12, 1994, United States Congressman Steven Schiff of Albuquerque, NewMexico, announced to the press that he had been stonewalled by the DefenseDepartment when requesting information on the 1947 Roswell event on behalf ofconstituents and witnesses. Indicating that he was seeking further investigationinto the matter, Congressman Schiff called the Defense Departments lack ofresponse " amaze" and concluded it was apparently "another government cover-up."History has shown that unsubstantiated official assurances or denials bygovernment are often meaningless. Nevertheless, the re is a lawful andstraightforward way to ensure that the truth about Roswell will emerge anExecutive Order declassifying any information regarding the existence of UFOs orextraterrestrial intelligence. Because this is a unique issue of universalconcern, such an action would be appropriate and warranted. To provide positiveassurance for all potential witnesses, it would need to be intelligibly stated andwritten into law. Such a measure is essentially what presidential candidateJimmy Carter promised and then failed to deliver to the American people eighteenyears ago in 1976.If, as is officially claimed, no information on Roswell, UFOs, orextraterrestrial intelligence is being withheld, an Executive Orderdeclassifying it would be a mere formality, as there would be nothing todisclose. The Order would, however, have the positive effect of setting the

Four season goes to paris Essay

This case demonstrates how quartet Seasons effectively creates, cultivates, and sustains its organizational coating throughout every place the company expands its business to. In 1999, Four Seasons as wellk over the Hotel George V in France and reopened it as the Four Seasons Hotel George V Paris (F. S. George V) leading the company to cope with cultural difference issues. Research showed that a strong organizational enculturation correlates with the firms high performance (Sorensen, 124).Therefore, it is vital for managers, whose work deals with international aspects, to realize the importance of corporate culture and know how to help their companies maintain the culture. In this paper, I will discuss about organizational culture of Four Seasons, French culture related to the hospitality industry, possible conflicts and resolution surrounded by Four Seasons and France employee regarding organizational culture. Four Seasons culture centered on providing customers with an exceptio nal answer and giving its human resources high value.In terms of service, the company blended reproducible service normals with local ingredients resulting in a customized hotel that goes hand in hand with its host country. To elaborate, the company ensured that every employee adopts the service standards and put them into practice. This is because sharing the same standard helps bond the employees to one another. Consequently, these bonds lead to creating corporate culture. The company put emphasize on its valuable human resources by introducing The Golden Rule, highlighting dignity and compliance throughout the organization (Hallowell, Bowen, and Knoop, 4).The company created a strong culture through selection and socialization procedure (Sorensen, 125). First, the company recruited people based on their status fit to the organizational culture. For example, all potential job candidates at the F. S. George V were interviewed four times. Four Seasons was convinced that an empl oyee with the right attitude could adapt to its culture. Second, the firm strengthen its culture through rules implementation and auditing performance helping to increase cultural persistence. Consequently, persistence contributed to maintaining the companys culture.Third, the firm sustained its belief through link with symbols (Sorensen, 126). For example, when his uniform gets dirty, an employee is supplied with a uniform to change. This symbolizes and reminds the employee of dignity according to The Golden Rule. Differences between French culture and Four Seasons culture can create potential conflicts when both cultures collide. On one hand, French culture is indirect and subjective. French people atomic number 18 non confrontational. Face saving and dignity are vital in employee evaluation. French people are proud of their nationality.They are emotional and take honor into account when providing services. The working style of French people is polychronic (Hallowell, Bowen, a nd Knoop, 7). They regard personal kinship more important than fixed appointments. On the other hand, Four Seasons North American culture is more direct and objective. An employee feels comfortable to talk openly to his manager. In turn, the manager can give the employee sincere feedback on his performance. It is vital to follow business schedule strictly. This section talks about cultural conflicts and resolutions.Cultural differences between Four Seasons and France employee can bring about conflicts when the two collaborate. Especially, when the company has to embrace employees from the Hotel Gorge V. This means the hotel has to deal with an vivacious culture that is different from its own. The companys confrontational style in managing people can be ineffective and considered insulting in France. French employee with monochronic culture may not know that attend meeting late is unacceptable for Americans with polychronic culture (Hallowell, Bowen, and Knoop, 7).Also, French peo ple are emotional which is good in providing exceptional service to impress guests. However, being too emotional can result in inconsistency of service. For example, a concierge may treat one guest better than the other according to his own preference. This disrupts capital of New Hampshire in organizational culture in that the service standards require employees to treat every guest equally. To solve cultural difference issues, the company gradually replaced the existing culture with a new one aiming at employees who were willing to change and adopt the company culture.When the majority of employees embraced corporate culture, which prioritizes service standards, the company could resolve service inconsistency issue. The firm also hired Le Calvez, a truly French man as a F. S George V general manager. His have in dealing with union in New York facilitated him in reducing gap between its employees and the union. Then, the hotel assigned the task force to the F. S. Gorge V to func tion sure that the opening will run smoothly. This task force helped building Four Seasons culture.Also, it symbolized the companys unity worldwide. Realizing that French employees are indirect and avoid confronting with their boss, Four Seasons used direct line to encourage them to speak up and voice their concerns comfortably. In conclusion, this paper presents Four Seasons culture, National culture of France, main conflicts when the two cultures collide, and the approaches Four Seasons took to resolve such conflicts. The company created and cultivated its corporate culture through communication, implementation, and symbolization.

Accounting Standards Boards Essay

Increased globalization in the business innovation has brought to fore some of the issues and challenges that multinational businesses face in financial recording and bailiwick of foreign based operations. With operations based in different countries that operate under different bill system principles and with varying currencies, there has been a need for the accountancy principles and standards to be converged.This has in the past nine years seen the accounting policy making suggesting a complete overhaul in the way financial statements ar reported and a convergence among the USs generally accepted accounting principles (US generally accepted accounting principles) and the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). This has been through various meetings amid the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and US Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), two boards which determine these accounting standards. This paper therefore evaluates the history of the two boards and their alliance and looks at IASB equivalents to FASB original pronouncements. It also describes how a Master of Science in Accounting would prepare a student for an accounting profession. History of the Relationship between FASB and IASBUS Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is a board which is responsible for setting and improving financial accounting standards in the US and for governing and boost preparation of financial reports by non-governmental organizations (Financial Accounting Standards Board, 2012).International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) on the other hand is also an independent board responsible for setting world-wide financial reportage standards (IFRS Foundation, 2011). Whereas IASB and IFRS takes a principle based rise to accounting standards setting, FASBS GAAP does this through pronouncements which are based or rules.They both locate a lot of emphasis on income statements, balance sheet, statements of changes in equity and cash flo w statements as key reports that are significant in financial reporting. oer the past decade these two boards which determine the accounting standards in the world have been functional towards ensuring that the financial reporting all over the world converges. The convergence concept first took root in the 1950s in response to the cross border capital inflows that were as a result of the scotch integration after world war two. These efforts initially focused on reducing difference in accounting principles between major capital markets globally otherwise referred to as harmonization of the accounting principles. By 1990s the concept had changed into convergence which sought to build high quality financial reporting standards to be utilize internationally (Financial Accounting Standards Board, 2012a).Both developed in the 1970s, FASB and IASC (international Accounting Standards Committee) a predecessor to IASB, set a trend for expanding international accounting standards and with the shake-up of IASC into IASB in 2001, the use of IFRS among various countries has progressed rapidly. For instance, over 100 countries and the European Union use these standards issued by IASB. The U.S. mainly uses its own issued US GAAP (Progress Report, 2011 Cain, 2008). IASB and FASB have been working together towards converging the IFRS and the US GAAP since 2002.Even China and Japan have been working to bring together their accounting standards with IFRS as at 2009. Over the past decade the pace of convergence has been very fast with the internationalization of standards growing rapidly. In 2010, Securities and Exchange Commission in the US issues a report supporting the convergence of these standards through incorporation of the IFRS in the US financial system (Financial Accounting Standards Board, 2012a). This implies that the US has been increasing exploring adopting IASBs IFRSs, although there have been issues such(prenominal) as the fair value issues in IFRS and the cos t of implementation that have slowed the progress. The IASB equivalents of the FASB original pronouncementsAs noted above, IASBs IFRS takes a principle based approach to accounting standard setting as compared to FASBs pronouncements which are viewed to be much stricter. In essence therefore, though IASB and FASB may address similar accounting concepts their approach to it may be different. It is these IASBs equivalents to FASBs pronouncements that bring the differences between GAAP and IFRS standards. Evaluating the FASBs original pronouncements and IASB, the manner in which accounting concepts are approached rout out be noted.These are whereas IASBs IFRS requires that blood line costs of sppetroleumage and idle capacity be excluded from the cost of inventory, FASBs GAAP does not IFRS requires yearly equivalence of financial statements unalike US GAAP which only views comparisons asdesirable but require three year comparisons IFRS permits but does not require reporting of compre hensive income distant US GAAP which requires it IFRS classifies liabilities as non-current if refinancing is complete earlier the date of the balance sheet contrasted GAAP which classifies it as so, if refinancing is completed before the financial statements are issued and prohibition of extraordinary items from the financial reports by IFRS unlike GAAP which permits but to a restricted items which affect kale and firing (Deloitte, 2004 FASB Report, 2002). opposite accounting concepts that differ between IASB and FASBs original pronouncements are that IFRS requires that LIFO method of determining inventory cost be prohibited in IAS 2, unlike US GAAP which permits LIFO in SFAS 151, and that IFRS requires reversal of inventory write downs if given criteria are met unlike US GAAP which prohibits it. In addition FASB permits that inventory at net value be measured even if it is above cost unlike IFRS which restricts this to producers and broker-dealers inventories. FASB classifies the interest received and paid as operating act in the cash flow statement unlike IASB which may classify it as financing, investing or operating activity.This leaves room for a number of interpretations. Furthermore, though FASB excludes overdrafts from cash, IASB includes it if it forms a critical and integral part of an organizations cash base or cash management (Deloitte, 2004 FASB Report, 2002). Other IASB equivalents to FASB pronouncements are enumerated as shown under (Deloitte, 2004 FASB Report, 2002) -IFRS restates previous financial statements in the event of non-mandated changes in accounting policy, unlike FASB which includes cumulative effects current financial statements net loss and profits -IASB uses change in estimated method to evaluate changes in depreciation of assets, unlike FASB which used change in accounting policy that is the net profit or loss cumulative effect. -IASB uses cost recovery method for construction contracts when the completed percentage cann ot be determined for sure unlike the USA GAAP which uses completed contract method -IASB does not recognize deferred tax due to the an asset or liability transaction that doesnt affect accounting or taxable profit and is not a business combination in IAS 12 unlike the US GAAP recognizes this these through its lack of initial credit rating exemption as addressed in SFAS 109.-US GAAP has special exemptions due to the provision of deferred tax such as leveraged leasing, intangible developments in the gas and oil industry and undistributed earnings -IASB uses a tax rate that is substantially enacted to measure deferred tax liabilities and assets, which can be left to a lot of interpretations, unlike FASBs enacted tax rate which is sure and consistent -IASB uses rate applicable to undistributed earnings of an organization to measure the deferred tax on those earnings , unlike FASB which uses the higher of the tax rate between the cardinal applicable to undistributed profits and the one applicable to distributed profits as addressed in SFAS 109-IASB recognizes put down for share-based payment based on fair value of the payment whereas FASB recognizes this based on intrinsic value at grant date -IASB measures business combinations on the date of the acquisition whereas FASB does this on the date of consummation or closing date -IASB requires that recognizing a liability prior to acquisition restructuring be only if the one being acquired recognizes it under IAS 37, this is unlike FASB which recognizes it if the acquisition has already began -IASB recognizes in process R&D as an intangible finite asset or in force(p) will, unlike FASB which recognizes it as expense How MSA Program prepares student for professional Accounting A Master of Science in accounting program is very important for anyone who intends to pursue an accounting race in the future.This program prepares a student by providing knowledge on the various accounting principles that need be applied in accounting profession. It also puzzles a student be aware of the various accounting standards that are existing in the world, how each differ, and how accounting records and through in each. In addition such a program provides analytical and critical thinking abilities. In addition, it offers a global perspective on accounting practices and business issues and provides a framework for effective development for team building and leadership skills, and ethical decision making in business. Lastly it will put up interpersonal and communications skills through interactions which seek to learn ways of solving problems and issues in the accounting and finance realm. All these are critical for a career as an accountant. ConclusionThis paper has discussed the history of the FASB and IASB boards and their relationship and has looked at IASB equivalents to FASB original pronouncements. It has shown that standardized management accounting and controlling concepts that transcend national bound aries are increasingly needed with concern on the need of an internationalized Accounting and financial reporting standard to help in comparing of financial statements of countries from different countries and also to make it efficient and less costly for multinational companies when they are conducting financial reporting of their performance. IASB and FASB have made tremendous progress thus fur in their call down to converge the global accounting standards.

Blaw Law of Tort

Ngee Ann Polytechnic School of Business & Accountancy Diplomas in ACC, BIT, BS, BFS & IBZ Business Law integrity OF TORTSTUDENTS COPY Tutorial Questions Section B Problem Questions (Use LAC format to answer, with supporting cases) 1. Last month, Raj bought a pair of Flying bird of Jove inline skates from his neighbourhood shop. Flying Eagle inline skates ar made in a factory in Tampines owned by the Kang Brothers. Unknown to Raj, the particular model of inline skates had a manufacturing defect. Two weeks ago, while Raj was glide down the Bukit Timah Hill, the brakes on the skates failed, causing him to roll down the hill.Raj suffered multiple bruises on his head, elbows and knees and a fracture of his right wrist. Raj was hospitalised and was unable to work for three weeks as a part-time delivery boy at the Prata Hut. Required a) Advise Raj whether he poop successfully claim compensation under the tort of negligence. jural principals Negligence is non doing something that a re asonable man would do, or doing something that a reasonable man would not do. A duty of care firstly requires actual forseeablility owed to any somebody whom we can reasonably foresee go away be injured by our acts or omissions to test the remoteness of damage.It is also known as the neighbour principal. Secondly, there must be legal propinquity based on the closeness and directness of the relationship between the parties, physical proximity or casual proximity. Lastly, there is a consideration of all policy matters applicable to the situation which might remove the duty of care which had been established. Whether or not the duty of care is breached determines on the standard of care expected from the person who owes the duty. Factors equivalent the level of skill, likelihood of soil and seriousness of the injury are taken into consideration.The plaintiff must then show that he suffered damage or detriment as a direct result of the defendants breach. This can be done using the but for test, in which if the plaintiff would not have suffered damage but for the defendants negligence, then the negligence is a direct result and breach of duty of care. Application Flying Eagle owes its customers a duty of care to ensure that its skates are free of defects. It is factually foreseable that if the skates had defects, the person wearing the skates ordain eventually be injured.There is casual proximity involved as the skates were bought from a shop that sells Flying Eagle skates. Using the but for test, Raj is around likely not to have suffered injuries if there were not any defects. Conclusion In conclusion, Raj is able to sue Flying Eagle for damages regarding his hospitalisation fees and loss of income. b) Discuss briefly whether it will make a difference to your answer if the medical report showed that the injuries suffered by Raj could have been less serious if he had skeletal a safety helmet, and protective pads while skating.Under the Contributory Negligen ce and Personal injuries Act, the plaintiffs injury was partly contributed by his own fault. The court will apportion the liability between the parties. In Rajs case, his injuries would have been less serious by wearing his safety equipment. Thus, the extent of injury was partly contributed by his own fault and he will not be able to claim as much compensation as compared to the first scenario. 2. Wanda was very stressed with her boss, Glenda.After she resigned, she decided to vent her frustration by sending e-mails to her beau mondes clients and some of her colleagues that her boss is a fraud and a tyrant who runs the company like an army regiment. These statements are totally untrue and the companys clients do not have a good opinion of Glenda anymore. In fact, since the e-mail started circulating, the companys business has suffered badly. Required a) Advise Glenda whether she will be successful if she sues Wanda for defamation. Legal principalsDefamation occurs when a statemen t is published which leads to the displace of a persons reputation in the estimation of members of society. The accused must have made the publication with the intention to harm the reputation of the person defamed, and knows or believes that such injury will result. This constitutes as a criminal offence under the Penal Code (Chapter 224). However, under the law of tort, no intention needs to be proved,Damages are presumed to result from a libel (written statements) and no necessity to prove actual loss capable to being measured in monetary terms.Slander requires proof to excess damage. For the statement to be considered as defamatory, it must be published and sent to any person other than the person who is the subject of the statement, untrue and effect of lowering a persons reputation generally. Application Wanda is guilty for defamation because her statements were published in the form of emails and she had the intention to harm Glendas reputation as she was unhappy with her. Also, there were damages in the form of business loss and this is capable of being measured in monetary terms as well. ConclusionGlenda will be successful if she sues Wanda for defamation. b) What are the possible remedies available to Glenda in this situation? She will be awarded damages to compensate for the loss of reputation. The amount of damages may bbe aggravated by malicious motives and the prominence of both the plaintiff and defendant, seriousness of the libel and the manner and extent of the publication as well as the deal out of the defendant. Glenda can also seek an injunction to prevent the future publication of any defamatory matter and destruction of all defamatory materials published.

Arkansas V. Sanders

Arkansas Vs. Sanders Do you agree or disagree with the way Arkansas Vs. Sanders case was ruled? In my opinion I dont agree with the way the Arkansas Vs. Sanders case was ruled Because they violated his rights. I understand he was transporting drugs to possibly switch them and they should have handled it in a better way. I dont think that it was right for the law to search his property with out authority or even a indorsement because it violates the 4th and fourteenth amendment, which clearly states that Thefourth amendmentof the U.S. Constitution provides, The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against monstrous searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and nowarrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. Ultimately, these delivery endeavor to protect two fundamental liberty interests the right to pri vacy and freedom from arbitrary invasions.And the 14th amendment says, all persons born or naturalized in the United States, which included former slaves recently freed. In addition, it forbids states from denying all person life, liberty or property, without due process of law or to deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. On April 23, 1976 officer David Isom of the little rock, Arkansas, police department received information that the suspect would be arriving at American Airlines Flight No. 1 at 435 that afternoon.He was also informed that the suspect who was later identified, as David Rambo would be carrying a park suitcase containing marijuana. Officer David Isom had already come in contact with the suspect before in January 1976 when he was supercharged with possession of marijuana. So officer Isom and 2 other police officers watched out for the suspect who arrived on time just like the informant told them. As the suspect left the airport he was followed by officer isom and one other police officer and with help of a patrol car they pulled them over a couple blocks away from the airport.When the officer Isom approached the fomite he asked the taxi driver to open his trunk and with out the suspects permission he searched his luggage. On October 14,1976 the case made it to the Supreme Court and the suspect David Rambo was charged with possession of marijuana and with intent to deliver. Before the trial the suspect moved to suppress the evidence that was in the suitcase, because they violated his right under the 4th and 14th amendment.On January 31, 1977 the court had another trial to suppress the evidence but they overruled it with no exception but the supreme court of Arkansas looked at the suspect sentence and that the people should have thrown out the evidence because they did not have a warrant or any permission to search his belongings but they searched it because there was probable cause. On recent cases like United States v. Chadwick, supra and Coolidge v. New Hampshire they went through the same thing when the police searched their belongings without a warrant so when they had there trial they over ruled the suppress motion because of probable cause.On February 3, 1977 he was sentenced to 10 years in prison and was fined $15,000. In render a decision in Sanders,the Court concerned itself with aspects of the case comparable to United States v. Chadwickwhere evidence was illegally obtained under similar hatful. As in Chadwick police acting on probable cause opened luggage found in the trunk of a parkedcarand searched it without a warrant. The majority justices legal that in both cases there was no danger of law enforcement losing the luggage or its contents since the containers were under the exclusive control of the arresting officers.Thus, the Court cogitate the state failed to demonstrate a need for warrant less search of property stored in the trunk of a stopped automobile like t he vehicle in which it rode, the luggage was no longer mobile. Arresting officers had to assess the likelihood of an automobile leaving the scene at the point immediately before a search commenced. In circumstances where police had already seized the object of their interest and held it directly under their control, a search could not be conducted without a warrant.Thus, in rendering the Courts decision, the justices provided specific guidance for law enforcement and the lower courts. The Warrant Clause contained in the Fourth Amendment applies to personal luggage taken from an automobile to the same form it applies to luggage seized in other locations Although the general principles applicable to claims of Fourth Amendment violations are well settled, litigation over requests for suppression of highly relevant evidence continues to lock much of the attention of courts at all levels of the state and federal judiciary.Courts and law enforcement officials often find it difficult to discern the proper application of these principles to individual cases, because the circumstances giving rise to suppression requests can vary almost infinitely. However, an apparently small difference in the factual situation frequently is viewed as a controlling difference in determining Fourth Amendment rights. The present case presents an example. Only two Terms ago, we held that a locked footlocker could not lawfully be searched without a warrant, even though it had been loaded into the trunk of an automobile parked at a curb.United States v. Chadwick, (1977). In earlier cases, on the other hand, the Court free burning the constitutionality of warrant less searches of automobiles and their contents under what has become known as the automobile exception to the warrant requirement. Chambers v. Maroney (1970), Carroll v. United State (1925). We are presented with the projection of determining whether the warrant less search of respondents suitcase falls on the Chadwick or the Ch ambers/Carroll side of the Fourth Amendment line. Although in a sense this is a line-drawing process, it must be guided by established principles.

Role of Youth in development of Pakistan

Youth For me youth is the other name of energy. Any society in the world is highly recognized and identified by its youth. To pass on change is a society you ought to change in the youth. Young mint argon the angiotensin-converting enzymes who thrust the abilities to bring the change to better the world and to enhance the resources. When the tidingspapers have got nonhing else to talk about, they cut loose on the juvenile. The young are always news if they are up to something thats news, if they arent that news too. Kenneth RexrothAbout Pakistan Pakistan is a estate that is followed by bad luck in effect(p) from the first day of its formation. after the death of the bulky leader Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah, We are non able to produce a unique leader who has the abilities to lead and direct the people in right direction. Thats the reason why there is decentralization of ideas, thoughts and response among the peoples of Pakistan. For me it is huge bad luck that despit e having to much resources, talent and great mobilizeing minds, Pakistan is not yet able to registered it name the among the best develop country in the world. Youth Of PakistanPakistan has the near persona of youth among all the categories of its population. That is a great mutual opposition as it means greater chances of revolution. The history of world testifies whether there was a good or bad revolution, it was caused by young people of respective nations. one period(a) men declare war. But it is youth that must fight and die We founding fathert need to go far the foundation of Pakistan itself was a great revolution. The part of Muslim youth in this historical event plunder never be forgotten. They gave immense sacrifices to get the freedom from two greater powers i.e. the slope and the Hindus. Thats why the great Quaid-e-Azam has always put a great stress on the young people and has tried to give them the right direction. He said Pakistan is proud of her youth particula rly the students, who are always in fore trend into hour of trial and need.Some Other Revolutions I am victimization the word Youth and Revolution together again and again, because I think there is very close link between these two, or these two haggling have incomplete meaning without each other. When we look at the history of world, the French revolution (1789-1799) occupies a remarkable place. It was a period of radical, social and semipolitical upheaval in both French and Europeans history. In that time, the cruel French rulers were permanently collapsed by the youth and now France has a renowned place in the list of sparking nations.The American Revolution, the young Turkish revolution, the Chinese revolution and the great Iranian revolution are also some important wonders of youth. Almost everything that is great has been done by youth It is advisable for young people of Pakistan to go, check and identify the factors causing these great revolutions and thus try to implement these rules of revolution in our own society because it is true that time is slipping from our hands. Merits And Demerits Of Pakistani YouthGod almighty has blessed this part of world with immense talent and creativity. The young people of Pakistan are not less talented and able than that any other developed country. Late Arfa Kareem, Ali Moeen Nawazish are some example of young Pakistanis who have raised the name of Pakistan in front of the world. But our demerits are certainly more than our merits. A lot of our young people are busy craziness them in useless activities, thus spoiling their future. The main reason is that there is no proper guidance. We are largely spelled by the western close.Our own culture is lost somewhere in the western and Indian culture. Our young people find themselves happy in copying bad habits of others. A large percentage of our young people have no thought about what are their actual activities and what are they doing. There is no similarity of beha vior, thoughts and ideas of life among young people belonging to different aspects and different areas of Pakistan. Our people need to understand that The purpose of life should be a life of purpose.Need Of ConcentrationThere is a great need to make young people concentrate to thesituation of Pakistan. We cant afford to close our eyes care a panicky pigeon. Our country is going down. Our economic condition is very poor. Other countries are causing there affects on Pakistan. There special target is the youth we should not allow these negative forces to play with. We cant expect the government to correct everything by just rotating a stick. It is our duty to look after our dear country. It is a do or die time. Each single person of Pakistanis youth needs to understand and memorize it. The difference between a winning person and others is not a lack of strength, not a lack of knowledge, but rather a lack of will.Vince LombardiEducation The Key The first and most vital step for the youth is to educate themselves. In any area of life, no progress can be done without proper education. There is a need to provide education in each single area of Pakistan. Greater the educated person we have, greater are the chances for our progress and prosperity. Without education we are zero. There is another important factor that there should be a proper channel for education. Education shouldnt mean only becoming a doctor or an engineer it should teach someone how to think, how to act and how to play his role in flourishing a better society. A human creation is not attaining his full heights until he is educatedHorace MannStand Against CorruptionCorruption is like rusting which causes destruction of the whole society. Corruption is the biggest problem of our country. Our great bad luck is that our renowned leaders are the mot corrupted people among us. Our greatest sin is that we watch everything but remains silent and dont even think about stopping it. If the whole youth of Pakistan gathers on one platform and take oath of vanishing corruption from the country that Im 101% received that we will be able to remove corruption and return millions of lack money back to poor people. It is very simplistic in saying. In actual, it is very hard nut to crack. But history tells us that when youth was terriblein causing the change, the youth has caused the change. The duty of youth is to challenge corruption.Kurt CobainHave A Sharp Eye On PoliticsIt is considered as a wise advice to keep youth away from politics. It is true, the youth should not be involved in politics, and their priority should be the education. But for me, they need to keep themselves aware of what is going around them. What sorts of persons are governing them and whether they are serious for the country or not. Because one day, a young man has to go in political life, has to cast a suffrage, then he should be cognize to the current situation and the people, he got to follow. In a nut shell , if the young are not aware of country politics, then how can we produce leaders from them? Obstacles are those frightful things you can see when you take your off your goal.Henry FortIdentify Real LeadersIn Pakistan there is a lather scene that some typical families are always involved in politics. After the death of Quaid-e-Azam we havent find a leader that ought to be followed by all the people of Pakistan. We have got leaders of nationalism. Pathans follow different leaders. Blochs have some other one. Punjabi and Sindhi are also not sure about a true leader to follow that who will be sincere and honest with the country. The youth of Pakistan need to be nullifying these criteria. We should not cast our vote just by listening to others. We need to have proper sense that who is sincere with us and who is not. We need to produce a unique leader from ourselves who should think for the country and should be able to develop a proper roadmap for the progress and prosperity of Pakista n. Ten s anileiers wisely led will beat a hundred without a head. Have One AimIt is necessary that young people of the whole country have same plan to work on. If we want a revolution for progress, then we should avoiddecentralization of ideas. In Pakistan there should be a single notable platform for the youth to gather and collect ideas, and then choose the best ideas and apply their implementations. The youth shouldnt be confused and demoralized by the political infrastructure of Pakistan. They should realize that it is the time to rise to the make and change the negative system of the country.They should be facing problems from the hidden forces which do not want youth to come forward. They will also try to unhinge the youth from the right path by creating confusion and misunderstandings among young people in understanding which roadmap is right for them and which is not. Youth is easily deceived, because it is quick to hope. We can take down them by having strong unity amon g ourselves. There is need to know for youth trust. United we stand, divide we fall.Take Daring StepsTo sit on a bench and watch the things going is a very easy task. But for me the meaning of youth is to take risks. These risks are ought to be taken for our beloved country Pakistan. Success often comes to those who dare to act. It seldom goes to the timid that are ever afraid of consequencesJawaharlal NehruSay no to corruption, injustice, cruelity and all other devils of society. Be at one notable platform and ask others to join it just by lightening candles by candles. The current situation of Pakistan tells that elections are near. There are new and old parties that are looking for getting the large percentage of youth votes. By standing united, the young people should put some terms and conditions in front of the political parties that they will vote them only if they are serious for the country. If after coming to government they change their policies they should be answerable in front of youth.For the demonstrate time, we need to forget every other thing and just think for our country that has given us a protection and freedom of mind. Now it is time to payback. Also people of other age groups need to put stress on growing up then youth for great revolution like that of France or Iran. In case you are worried about whats going to become of the younger generation, its going to grow up and conk out worrying about the youngergeneration.Roger AllenThey need to encourage the youth nearby them and to raise their morals high We cannot always build the future for our youth, but we can build our youth for the future. To conclude all of what I have written above, I just want to say three words to the youth of Pakistan- at once OR NEVER

Draw the structure of a mitochondrion as seen in an electron micrograph

6)a) Draw the structure of a mitochondrion as seen in an electron micrograph.5B) Describe the central role of acetyl (ethanoyl) CoA in shekels & plump out metabolism.5Acetyl CoA is formed in twain carbohydrate and fat metabolism. In carbohydrate metabolism, Acetyl CoA links glycolysis and the Krebss cycle in a link reaction, in the link reaction carbohydrates or glucose is converted into pyruvic acid and from that into Acetyl CoA. In fat metabolism, the Acetyl CoA is formed from fats, the fats break stack into glycerol and fatty acids. The fatty acids are then oxidized to form Acetyl CoA. The carrier CoA accepts acetyl groups produced in both metabolisms and brings them to be used in the Krebs cycle.c) Discuss the importance of a balanced diet for people with varying capacity affects. 8A balanced diet is a diet which contains vitamins, minerals, and other necessary particles for the normal function of the body, but also a balanced diet is balanced so it doesnt contain any of the se in excess or lacking in. For a person to remain healthy they must have a balanced diet. If there are excessive amounts of sinew left in the body it may cause obesity. Everyone has different energy needs, for example an 80 year old needs less energy than a 14 year old. Different people have different needs depending on their age, amount of action done in a day, their physical full term and gender. The more physically active a person is the more energy they require an Olympic athlete needs more energy than a accomplishment teacher.So the Olympic athlete needs more energy so they need to take in lots of carbohydrates and sugars that can be broken down easily and quickly to provide them with the ATP the need. A science teacher will need fewer carbohydrates than the Olympic athlete because the teacher doesnt need a quick energy supplier so they tend to eat fats and carbohydrates. Most of the energy gotten from fats is stored in the body therefore this is not useful if you need the energy immediately.Muscular System Muscle MetabolismAlso pregnant women need more energy than me because she needs to supply herself and the child with energy. During times of growth you also need more energy than usual because you body is growing and it needs extra energy. Also psyche who isnt that physically active should require less energy than someone who is very physical active. There is a trend that men need more energy daily than a woman.

Succubus Blues CHAPTER 6

I woke up the next day, determined to go take on Erik and get the truth about vampire hunters. Then, as I was brushing my teeth, I remembered yesterdays other crisis. stage set Mortensen.Swearing, I finished up in the bathroom, earning a disapproving savour from Aubrey for my profanity. There was no telling how languish this tour thing with him might take. I might set about to wait until tomorrow to see Erik, and by thus, this vampire hunter or whatever could have struck again.I set out for Emerald City, wearing the most nonattractive outfit I could muster jeans and a turtleneck, with my hair pulled severely back. Paige, all grins, approached me as I waited for Seth in the cafe. You should show him Fosters and Puget just Books opus youre out, she told me conspiratorially.Still waking up, I took a sip of the mocha Bruce had just made me and tried to reason out her logic. Fosters and Puget Sound Books were competitors of ours, though not major ones. Those places are dives.Exac tly. She grinned at me with her even white teeth. Show him those, and hell be convinced were the best place for him to do his writing at.I studied her, feeling seriously out of the loop. Or maybe I was just distracted still about the Duane thing. It wasnt every day one had his immortality revoked. wherefore would he do his writing here?Because he ilks to take his laptop and write in coffee shops.Yeah, but he lives in Chicago.Paige move her head. non any more(prenominal). Where were you last night? Hes moving here to be closer to his family.I recalled Seth handstioning his brother, but I had been too caught up in my take in sphacelus to remunerate such(prenominal) attention. When?Now, as far as I k direct. Thats why this was his last stop on the tour. Hes staying with his brother but plans on finding his own place soon. She leaned close to me, eyes gleaming predatorily. Georgina, if we have a famous author hanging out here regularly, itll be good for our image.Honestly, my im mediate have-to doe with wasnt where Seth would be writing. What freaked me out was that he would not be de crack uping for a different time zone anytime soon, a time zone where he could then forget about me and allow us both get on with our lives. I could run into him every day now. Literally, if Paiges wish was realized.Wont that be distracting to his writing if his nominal head is widely triumph outn? Annoying fans and whatnot?We wont let it become a problem. Well shoot the most of this and respect his privacy. Careful now, here he comes.I drank more of my mocha, still marveling at the way Paiges mind worked. She could think of promotional ideas that never would have entered my head. Warren might have been the one to invest capital in this place, but it had been her marketing genius that made it a success.Good morning, Seth told us, walking up to the t adapted. He wore jeans, a Def Leppard T-shirt, and a brown corduroy jacket. The secular of his hair did not convince me he d brushed it this morning.Paige looked at me pointedly, and I sighed. Lets go.Seth silently followed me out stance, that awkward tension building between us identical a solid barrier. He did not look at me I did not look at him. It was only when we stood outside on Queen Anne Avenue and I realized I had no plan for today that conversation had to occur.Where to start? Seattle, unlike Gaul, is not divided into just three parts.I made the burlesque more to myself, but Seth suddenly laughed. Seattle peninsula est, he observed, playing off my observation. non exactly. Besides, thats Bede, not Caesar.I know. But I dont know very much Latin. He gave me that quirky, bemused smile that seemed to be his trademark expression. Do you?Enough. I wondered how he would react if I mentioned my fluency in Latin dialects from various stages of the papistical Empire. My vague answer must have been interpreted as lack of interest because he looked away, and more silence fell. Is there anything specia l you requireed to see?Not really.Not really. Okay. Well. The sooner we got this started, the sooner it would end and I could see Erik.Follow me.As we drove off, I sort of hoped we might naturally go into meaningful conversation, in spite of our bad start yesterday. Yet, as we traveled, it seemed clear Seth had no intention of carrying on any discourse. I recalled his nervousness in precedent of the crowd yesterday and even with nearly of the book interpose staff. This guy had serious social phobias, I realized, though he had made a dauntless effort in shedding them during our initial flirtations. Then, I had gone and turned on the back-off vibes, undoubtedly scarring him for life and undoing whatever progress he had made. federal agency to go, Georgina.Maybe if I could broach some compelling topics, he would muster his earlier confidence and bring back our rapport in a Platonic way, of course. I attempted to recall my profound questions from last night. And once again, they eluded me, so I switched to mundane ones.So your brother lives just about here?Yup.What part?Lake quality Park.Thats a nice area. Are you exhalation to look for a place up there?Probably not.Do you have another place in mind then?Not really.Okay, this wasnt getting us anywhere. Annoyed at how this master of the written word could be so short on mouth ones, I finally decided to cut him out of the conversation altogether. Having him involved was too much work. Instead, I chatted on amiably without him, pointing out the popular floating policy Pioneer Square, Pike Place Market, the Fremont Troll. I even showed him the shoddier representatives of our competition, per Paiges instructions. I neglected anything closer to the Space Needle than a brief nod, however. No doubt hed seen it from Emerald Citys windows and could pay the exorbitant fees to visit it up close if he really needed the tourist experience.We went to the U District for lunch. He followed without protest or comment t o my dearie Vietnamese restaurant. Our meal progressed quietly as I took a break from talking, both of us eating noodles and staring out the adjoiningby window to turn back the bustle of students and cars.This is nice.It was the most Seth had spoken in a while, and I nearly jumped at the sound of his voice.Yeah. This place doesnt look like much, but they make a mean pho.No, I meant out there. This area.I followed his gesture back to University Way, at first comprehend nothing more than disgruntled students hauling backpacks around. Then, expanding my search, I became aware of the other small specialty restaurants, the coffee shops, and the used bookstores. It was an eclectic mix, somewhat tattered around the edges, but it had a cumulus to offer quirky, rational types even famous, introverted writers.I looked at Seth, who looked back at me expectantly. It was our first direct eye contact all day.Are there places to live around here?Sure. If you want to share a house with a bun ch of eighteen-year-olds. I paused, thinking that option might not be so unlikeable for a guy. If you want something more substantial in this area, itll cost you. I guess Cady and ONeill ensure thats not really an issue, huh? We can drive around and look, if you want.Maybe. Id aboveboard rather go there first. He pointed crosswise the street, to one of the used bookstores. His eyes flicked back to me uncertainly. If thats okay with you.Lets go.I loved used bookstores but ceaselessly felt a little guilty walking into them. Like I was cheating. After all, I worked around bright, crisp books all the time. I could obtain a reprint of almost anything I wanted, brand new. It seemed wrong to take such visceral pleasure from being around old books, from the smell of aged paper, mildew, and dust. such collections of knowledge, some quite old, everlastingly reminded me of times long past and places Id seen, triggering a tidal wave of nostalgia. These emotions made me feel both old and yo ung. The books aged while I did not.A gray tabby cat stretched and blinked at us from her spot on the counter as we entered. I stroked her back and said hi to the old man near her. He glanced up briefly from the books he sorted, smiled at us, and returned to his work. Seth stared around at the towering shelves before us, an expression of joy on his face, and promptly disappeared into them.I wandered over to nonfiction, wanting to peruse the cookbooks. I had grown up preparing food without microwaves and food processors and decided it was high time to let my culinary knowledge expand into this century.Finally settling on a Greek cookbook with lots of colored pictures, I dragged myself away a half(a) hour later and looked for Seth. I found him in the childrens section, kneeling next to a hatful of books, completely absorbed.I crouched down beside him. What are you looking at?He flinched slightly, startled by my proximity, and tore his gaze away from his find to look at me. This cl ose, I could see that his eyes were actually more of a golden-amber brown, his lashes long enough to make any girl jealous.Andrew Langs fairy books. He held a paperback entitled The Blue Fairy Book. On top of the stack near him sat another called The Orange Fairy Book, and I could only assume the rest followed color-coded suit. Seth glowed with literary rapture, forgetting his reticence around me. The 1960s reprints. Not as valuable as, say, editions from the 1800s, but these are the ones my dad had, the ones he used to read to us from. He only had a couple, though this is the whole set. Im going to get them and read them to my nieces.Flipping through the pages of The Red Fairy Book, I recognized the titles of many familiar stories, some I hadnt even known were still around. I turned the book over and looked inside the cover but found no set. How much are they?Seth pointed to a small sign near the shelf hed obtained them from.Is that reasonable for these? I asked.Its a little high, but its worth it to me to get them all in one go.No way. I gathered up part of the books, rising. Well talk him down.Talk him down how?My lips turned up in a smile. With words.Seth seemed dubious, but the clerk proved an easy target. Most men would eventually cave before an attractive, charismatic woman let alone a succubus who still sported a residual life force glow. Besides, I had learned bartering at my mothers knee. The guy behind the counter didnt stand a chance. By the time I finished with him, he had happily lowered the price by 25 percent and thrown in my cookbook for free.Walking back to my car, arms laden with books, Seth kept glancing at me wonderingly. How did you do that? Ive never seen anything like it.Lots of practice. A vague answer worthy of one of his.Thanks. I wish I could repay the favor.Dont worry hey, you can actually. Would you mind ravel an errand with me? Its to a bookstore, but its a scary bookstore.Scary how?Five minutes later, we were on our way to s ee my old friend Erik Lancaster. Erik had been ensconced in the Seattle area long before me, and he was a well-known figure to almost every immortal entity around. Versed in mythology and supernatural lore, he regularly proved to be an excellent resource for all things paranormal. If he had noticed that some of his best patrons never aged, he wisely refrained from pointing that out.The only annoying thing about seeing Erik was that it required a visit to Krystal Starz a stunning example of New Age spirituality gone wrong. I didnt doubt the place might have had good intentions back when it opened in the 1980s, but the bookstore now touted a barrage of colorful, highly commercial merchandise more weighted in price than any sort of mystical value. Erik, by my estimation, was the only employee with legitimate concern and knowledge of esoteric matters. The best of his coworkers were simply apathetic the worst were zealots and swipe artists.Pulling up into the stores parking lot, I imm ediately felt surprise at the number of cars there. This many people at Emerald City would have comprise a signing, but that sort of event seemed odd in the middle of the workday.A heavy wave of incense poured over us as we entered, and Seth appeared just as impress as me by all the people and stimuli. I might be a minute, I told him. Feel free to look around. Not that theres much here worth seeing.He melted away, and I turned my attention to a bright-eyed young man standing near the entrance and directing the crowd around. Are you here for the Gathering?Urn, no, I told him. Im looking for Erik.Erik who?Lancaster? Older guy? African-American? He works here.The young lackey shook his head. Theres no Erik here. Not as long as Ive been working here. He spoke like hed founded the store.How long has that been?Two months.I rolled my eyes. A unquestionable veteran. Is there a manager around here I can talk to?Well, capital of Montanas here, but shes going to be ah, there she is. He ge stured to the far side of the store where the woman in question appeared as though summoned.Ah yes, Helena. She and I had tangled before. Pale-haired, her neck bestrewn with crystals and other arcane symbols, she stood in a doorway label meeting room. A teal shawl covered her slim shoulders, and like always, I wondered how old she was. She looked to be in her lower to mid-thirties, but something about her demeanor always made me think she was older. Maybe shed had a lot of plastic surgery. It would be fitting, really, considering the rest of her trumped-up, artificial soula.Everyone? Everyone? She spoke in this obviously faked, high-pitched voice, meant to sound like a whisper, albeit one that could reach loud volumes. So mostly it came out raspy, like she had a cold. Its time to start.The masses thirty or so, Id say travel toward the meeting room, and I followed, blending into the crowd. Some of the people around me looked like Helena theme-dressed, in either all-black or too-v ibrant shades, with a plethora of pentagrams, crystals, and ohms in attendance. Others looked like average people, dressed much like me in my work clothes, trailing along in excited curiosity.With a frozen, fake smile plastered across her face, Helena beckoned us into the room murmuring, Welcome, welcome. Feel the energy. When I passed by her, the smile faltered. I know you.Yes.The smile diminished further. Youre that woman who works at that biggish bookstore that big, commercial bookstore. A few people stopped and listened to our exchange, no doubt the reason she refrained from pointing out the last time I was in here, I had called her a hypocrite pushing marked-up crap merchandise.Compared to certain national chains, I hardly considered Emerald City commercial. Still, I shrugged in acknowledgment. Yeah, what can I say, were part of the problem in corporate America. However, we do sell all the books and tarot cards that you do, often at a discount if youre a member of Emerald Cit ys patronage Readers Program. I mentioned this last part loudly. Extra advertising never hurt.Helenas weakening smile disappeared altogether, as did some of her raspy voice. Is there something I can back up you with?Im looking for Erik.Erik doesnt work here anymore.Whered he go?Im not at liberty to discuss that.why? Are you afraid Ill take my business elsewhere? Believe me, you were never in danger of having it.She raised delicate fingers to her forehead and studied me seriously, eyes nearly going crossed. I sense a lot of darkness in your aura. Black and red. Her voice rose, drawing in the attention of her acolytes. You would benefit greatly from some clearing work. A smoky or rutilated crystallization might also help. We have excellent specimens of both for sale here. Either would lighten up your aura.I couldnt resist a smirk. I believed in auras, knew they were abruptly real. I also knew, however, that my aura looked nothing at all like a mortal one, nor would someone like He lena even be able to see it. Indeed, a true human adept, capable of perceiving such things, would notice that in standing with a group of humans, I would be the only person without a discernible aura. It would be invisible to all, save someone like Jerome or Carter, though some particularly skilled mortal might be able to feel its strength and be understandably cautious. Erik was one such mortal, which was why he always treated me with so much respect. Helena was not.Wow, I crooned. I cant believe you were able to deduce all that without your aura camera. Krystal Starz proudly touted a camera that would photograph your aura for $9.95. Do I owe you something now?She sniffed. I dont need a camera to see others auras. I am a Master. Besides, the spirits who have assembled for this Gathering tell me plenty about you.My smile increased. What do they say? Id had little dealings with spirits or other ethereal beings in my long life, but I would know if any were present.She close her eyes, hands to her forehead again, lines of thought creasing her face. The onlookers watched in wonder.They tell me that much troubles you. That the indecision and monotony in your life force you to lash out, and so long as you choose the path of darkness and distrust, you will never find peace or light. Her blue eyes opened, caught up in her own otherworldly ecstasy. They want you to join us. Sit in our circle, feel their healing energy. The spirits will help you to a better life.Like they helped you out of the porn industry?She froze, paling, and I almost felt bad for a moment. Adepts like Erik werent the only ones with reputations in the immortal community. A crackpot like Helena was well known too. somebody who had apparently been a fan of hers back in the day had recognized her from a movie and passed on this bit of dirt to the rest of us.I dont know what you mean, she finally said, face struggling for control in front of her minions.My mistake. You reminded me of someone called Moa na Licka. You sort of rub crystals the way she used to rub well, you get the idea.You are mistaken, Helena said, voice on the verge of cracking. Erik no longer works here. Please leave.Another retort rose to my lips, but then, beyond her, I caught sight of Seth. He had wandered up to the edge of the crowd, observing the spectacle with the others. Seeing him, I suddenly felt foolish, the thrill of humiliating Helena turning cheap and shallow. Embarrassed, I still managed to hold my head high as I withheld my remarks and walked away from her. Seth fell into step beside me.Let me guess, I said dryly. Some people write the stories, and some people live them.I think you cant help but make a sensation wherever you go.I assumed he was being sarcastic. Then, I glanced over and sawing machine his frank expression, neither censuring nor snide. His earnestness was so unexpected that I stumbled slightly, paying more attention to him than where I was going. Having a much-deserved reputation for gracefulness, I recovered almost immediately. Seth, however, instinctually held out a hand to catch me.As he did, I suddenly had a flash of of something. Like that moment of association back in the map aisle. Or the surge of fulfillment I got when I read his books. It was brief, fleeting, like maybe it hadnt happened at all. He seemed as surprised as I felt and released my arm tentatively, almost hesitantly. A moment later, a voice behind me broke the spell entirely.Excuse me? Turning, I saw a slim teenage girl with cropped red hair and piercings up and down her ears. You were looking for Erik, right?YeahI can tell you where hes at. He left about five months ago to start his own store. Its in Lake City I forget the name. Theres a light there, with a grocery store and a big Mexican restaurantI nodded. I know that area. Ill find it. Thanks. I eyed her curiously. Do you work here?Yeah. Erik was always evenhandedly cool to me, so Id rather see him get business than this place. Id hav e gone with him, but he doesnt really need any other help, so Im stuck with Nutso in there. She jerked her thumb back in Helenas direction.The girl had a serious, practical demeanor different from most of this places employees. I recalled now that Id seen her helping customers when Id come in. Why do you work here if you dont like it?I dont know. I like books, and I need money.I dug through my purse, searching for one of my seldom used business cards. Here. You want a new job, come talk to me sometime.She took the card and read it, surprise filling her features. Thanks I think.Thanks for the data about Erik.Pausing, I considered further, and dug out another card. If youve got a friend anyone else who works here and is like you give this to them too.Is that legal? asked Seth later. Dunno. But were short-handed at Emerald City.I figured a specialty store like Eriks must be closed by now, so instead I turned toward Lake Forest Park to return Seth to his brothers house. I confess, r elief flooded me. Being with ones hero was tiring, not to mention every interaction between us swung between wildly opposing poles. Id probably be safer limiting our relationship to me simply reading his books.I dropped him off at a cute, suburban home, its front yard littered with childrens playthings. I saw no sign of the children themselves, much to my disappointment. Seth gathered up his haul of books, gave me another scattered smile as he voiced his thanks, and disappeared into the house. I was almost back to Queen Anne when I realized Id forgotten to ask him for my copy of The Glasgow Pact.Annoyed, I entered my building and immediately comprehend the front desk attendant solicit me. Miss Kincaid?I walked over to him, and he handed me a vase of flowers teeming with shades of purple and dark pink. These came for you today.I genuine the vase with delight, inhaling the mingled scents of roses, irises, and stargazer lilies. They had no card. Typical. Who brought them?He gestured beyond me. That man over there.

The Confederated Tribes of Siletz Reservation

The Confederated Tribes of Siletz backlog is a Native American take into account which has been through a batch in history. This Tribe economic consumptiond to be many common people so combined into unmatchable many senior ages ago. Uniting all the traditions was unrivalled rationaliseg, lasting the land being taking, expiration and Restoration are all things many people do non cognize approximately. History books for grade school instruction have created false history merely novel allowing the truth be revi guide. This kinship group has gone through a batch moreover still stands strong. The Reservation is in West operating theatre located 12 stat mis from Newport. For my concluding report I have gone to research the reserve, had many interviews, talked to seniors, read parts of the history book closely the folk and looked on the wind vane site. I am a Siletz Indian but was neer taught any of the traditions or knew some of the history, this travail and category have inclined me the chance to make so.The scratch line clip I of all epoch went to my reserve I was anticipating something beautiful, and that I would neer bury. Not stating that is non beautiful or that I would of all while bury it but lets consecrate it was non what I was anticipating. It is the stereotyped little town, poorness, intoxicant and medicine usage. thither is tonss of smoke, imbibing, fleshiness and diabetes on the reserve. At first I didnt understand why these things were such(prenominal) cock-a-hoop issues. But I have late come to recognize why and I presently understand my grandfathers concluding for go forthing and neer truly subscribeing my brother and I the history or the traditions. For many old ages I was wrothful about this, I was besides angry about non acquiring to travel to or populate on the reserve but I am no languisher angry with my Grandpa, I can see why he did all that he did to charter off and do a better call down of affairs for his househo ld.The ground the folk is called Confederated folks of is because when surgery was first being interpreted over there were folks all over. The 1s in randomness Oregon and Northern Cali were pushed over to Siletz. For the white big male seting Indians on militia was called doctorting absolve of the Indian problem . The folk that came together to do Siletz spoke around 11 different lingual communications. There were many Tribes which were forced to travel together they include Clatsop, Chinook, Klickitat, Molala, Kalapuya, Tillamook, Alsea, Siuslaw/Lower Umpqua, Coos, Coquelle, Upper Umpqua, Tututni ( including all the raze Rogue River Bands and those widening up the seashore to Floras Creek and down to Whales matter ) , Chetco ( including all of the small towns from Whales Head to the Winchuck River ) , Tolowa, Takelma ( including the Illinois Valley/mid-Rogue River and Cow Creek peoples ) , Galice/Applegate, and Shasta ( Part 1, carve up 6 ) . Bing a coastal folk and anim ateness off the land and its resources the chief nutrient they ate was fish, shellfish and whale. Though they were put on the reserves they were told non to make many traditional things like have huddles. However they would hold huddles around the American vacations and say that they were reservation vacation related things. Besides when traveling households to reserves they would direct kids grade school ages to get oning schools. The one most of the Siletz childs went to is in Salem and it is called Chemawa. At the get oning school the small misss would hold their cop chopped away and the male childs would memorize shaved. They were forced to larn about Christianity, how to move and eat decently. They had to alter everything they learned as kids and follow new rules of life. Many of the older kids would move out and either acquire beaten or kicked out of the school. My great-great grandparents were two that acted out, they besides got kicked out after acquiring pregnant.When t he expiration Torahs started go oning Siletz was one that it hit hard. The Natives no longer had rights to the land and its resources and since everyone was now considered black or white, they were white. It says white on my grampss and parents birth certifications. It was during the expiration period that Natives gazing going rattling low category and holding imbibing jobs. This has led to many jobs that are still on reserves today but we will speak about that later on. Another go oning during this clip was Natives acquiring ill and deceasing from deathly diseases they got exposed to. After making more research about this I found out that it was forwards contact with the Europeans that tribes in Oregon were acquiring ill. The Tribes from the E warning them about the white work forces had spread lifelessly pandemics. ace-half of my great-great grand-parents kids died for TB. When Lewis and Clark came to the state in 1805 when they explored the Northwest to happen that many small towns de-populated by disease ( Part 2 Paragraph 5 ) . My whole life I was told that Lewis and Clark coming over was when the land was get belt down to acquire taken over. I had no thought that there were so many old ages when colonists merely left(p) the Natives be in Northwest and merely had contact with them when researching most white contact with our people before 1845 or so was fugitive, dwelling of bargainers, trappers, adventurers of different sort ( Part 4 Paragraph 1 ) .The first existent jurisprudence covering with the people of the Northwest and new colonists was a Northwest Regulation in 1787 stating the Natives that their land and rights will be protected. This jurisprudence was taken back in 1846. Then following large jurisprudence we learned about in category The Oregon Donation act which was promised land given any new colonist in the country. This is when all the reserves were established. In 1951 there were battles get downing to go on, small towns being attac ked. The colonists were naming this the extermination movement . When the folks were being taken to Siletz most of the work forces were shot and adult female and kids were marched at that place, this took many trips. Not merely covering with seeking to talk the same linguistic communication, but the folks that came together had different ways of shelter and nutrient, this caused a batch of jobs at foremost. They had to work together while being forced to go civilized . ace thing that was really interesting to larn was what the folk usage to utilize as money. They use these thin white shells called Dentalium shell. These are now made into beautiful jewellery. They use to be traded until paper money was created.There was a jurisprudence passed in 1924 called Indian Citizenship Act , this was stating all Native Americans that they were now portion of the linked States and no longer considered Natives. It was 37 old ages and 4 months ago that the Siletz reserve was given their land ba ck. In award of this they have an one-year Restoration huddles head at their casino in Lincoln City. This is in award of their rights. They restoration allowed each folk that is recognized by the regime to have a casino. The one owned by Siletz is called Chinook Winds Casino it is located about 45 stat mis from the reserve.Some of the tradition and mood the folk is structured today is by royalty, a authorities council and a whip work forces and adult females. All the royalty is adult females, who represent the folk by traveling to powwows all around the US and viing in dance and membranophone competitions. The membranophone group is called the West Coast Boyz . The royalty consists of Miss Siletz, younger Miss Siletz and small Miss Siletz. They are chosen one time a twelvemonth to be the representative for that twelvemonth and scope in different age groups. The council consists of nine members elected every 3 old ages for a 3 twelvemonth period. The vote regulations are same as t he remainder of Oregon and any member can vote at the age of 18 or older. The Tribes president is a adult female and she has been president for I believe my whole life. She represents the folk at Unite States authorities Native events and has had multiple meetings with the United States presidents. To be enrolled in the folk your blood has to be 1/16 Siletz or higher. There used to be so many tribal members that we could non maintain path but today is a small over 5,000 members. Each member is given a figure which represents how long they have been enrolled and helps with fiscal things.I talked to my gramps about his experience of turning up on the reserve. His bring in is Howard Fleming, my gramps does non wish to speak about this is it was challenging to acquire it out of him. My gramps was the youngest of four. He use to acquire in problem all the clip, the instructors at his school did non like Indians. All of his friends and siblings were bad. They got called atrocious name like half-breed . People didnt like his household because his ma was white. I say ahead that my great-great grandparents were kicked out of chemawa for acquiring pregnant, they had 5 kids. Three of them passed off from the disease pandemics. My great gramps married a white adult female and was disowned by most of his household. He was the 1 who got an allocation of land that was taken off after the expiration period. My grandfather had a difficult clip being on the reserve back so, acquiring in problem, all the racism and observation, any people ruin their lives because they didnt bring forward they had anything else to make. My grandfather moved off when he was 17 and didnt travel back for many old ages. Now he takes my brother and I to the huddle one time a twelvemonth in the summer.The Tribe still has many traditions, non all that they use to but still a few that I know of. They have an one-year huddle every twelvemonth the 2nd weekend in August. It is the biggest 1 in the Nor thwest. Tribes from all over the state come to vie in the dance and membranophone competitions. One thing that I have really done with my Grandfather is on Memorial Day weekend we got the Gravess of our household. We exonerated the Gravess by picking weeds and grass out of the rectangle of soil covering where the coffin lies, we clean the caput rocks and we put fresh soil the hill of soil were the coffin lies. This is all out of regard, it is deferential non to walk on them so by seeing were they lie you dont measure on them. Turning up I didnt understand of these things and why we do them but I am larning. I wish I could be more involved in the folk but I do non fault my grandfather for anything he did.Traveling to the reserve now is really particular to me. stand by the river hearing to the beating cognizing what all has happened there I get a feeling that is difficult to explicate but I know I am in the right topographic point. lecture to my grandfather, traveling to the rese rve and taking this category has taught me a batch. I have truly enjoyed researching and it makes me happy that I have chosen the right major for me. I am majoring in public wellness and minoring in cultural surveies because I want to work on the reserve. I want to assist the poorness, disease and dependency on the reserve. I want people to recognize that times have changed a batch and its Oklahoma to travel out and make things I besides truly desire to alter that ? of the folk are corpulent. As a non so jocund gag my pa one time said to me you could neer be Miss Siletz because you dont weigh 300 pounds . This is non nice or amusing but sadly it is true that the royalty are really over weight. One twenty-four hours I would wish to be able to dance or sing. I am non certain who will learn me but I will seek to larn. I love my civilization and I am really proud to be Native American. I am proud of the history and what my household has overcome. Writing this paper was a great chance for me to larn more about my civilization and tribe itself.Work Citedhypertext manoeuver protocol //www.ctsi.nsn.us/chinook-indian-tribe-siletz-heritage/our-historyCharles Wilkinson.The Peoples Are Dancing Again The History of the Siletz Tribe of Western OregonUniversity of Washington, 2010, Print.

A Whole New World

This week I attended a one- quantify viewing for a movie called Derby Baby. It was a documentary film on women who tactical spelleuver roll derby. It was a small screening in a town called Wilmette. Over the past year I pass been introduced to the culture and cosmos of roller derby by my girlfriend. I need been able to experience some(prenominal) an(prenominal) divers(prenominal) events related to the culture, but this movie brought a different demeanor to the culture of roller derby. I never looked at the sport or hobby as a culture but have realized what a culture it is for many people.The clothing that is worn, the love, the passion, the life, the commitment these atomic number 18 all so different that my lifestyle. People who love roller derby commit their gets to it, their free time their friends are all in roller derby or volunteer. The sport is volunteer ran, the games, the practices, the players, no one is paid for what they do. Not many cultures of sports are si milar this, which makes them very unique. I used to find myself judging the people in roller derby, assuming they were all come ingoing and spontaneous people, but over the past year and from this movie I have learned it is an outlet for many.It is a place where quiet people can bring out a different side of them and a place where the outgoing can be more brainsick and exciting. Roller derby is not just a game for entertainment it is a way of life for many. The level of commitment depends on the individual. A player not only plays but volunteers, joins a charge within the league, coaches, trains, parties, they do it all. You can also have a love for derby and not play you can be a referee or a fan who is highly involved. The possibilities are never ending. It is a passion that many do not know about, like many other cultures it is time lag to be found.A whole new worldThe world has gone far from what it was a degree centigrade ago. As the world grows ageing, things on it, arou nd it, and under it have changed considerably many were even replaced by new ones. As time goes on, man has invented and innovated much on four major human action mechanism sectors industry, energy, transportation and agriculture. (B Goldstein, 2002)Humans have been blinded by the dramatic changes and improvements on their ways of living brought about by technological advancements, industrialization and the transformation of almost everything in this whole new world For all of these, man has sacrificed his most precious wealth his health. If we are to unveil the mask of this whole new world, we will come up that what we actually have is a set of whole new pollutants- the gravest threat to human health.In the dickens self-supporting studies conducted in California relative to the health hazards of exposure to the vulgarism in diesel emissions, researchers has released alarming gist figures. In 2005 half a million of work and school absences, and at least 1,100 premature deaths were caused by breathing emissions from old diesel equipment. (Union of Concerned Scientists) So this is our prize for desiring to have this whole new world a highly industrialized one. The birth of high rise buildings, the construction of hospitals and transportation facilities, comes the birth of carbon black. soot particles come directly from the tailpipe of engines and contribute to the unhealthy levels of particulate matter (PM) (UCS p.20).The fine particulate matter lodges like tiny razor blades deep in human lungs according to Kevin Hamilton, who have led one of the two studies in California. Particulate pollution as Don An assembly line of the Union of Concerned scientists puts it is a silent killer. What the world gets from industrialization are heart diseases, asthma and cancer. The compensation of development is hundreds of different chemicals from the diesel soot sulfates, ammonium, nitrates, elemental carbon, condensed organic compound, carcinogenic compounds, arsenic , selenium cadmium and zinc. If one thinks that he can get absolve of this pollution by going out of the city, he is wrong. The study even found out 2that soot particles is present at the South Pole.Suggestions as to solving this problem include basically replacing the old equipment with new ones. The sad thing about this is that most of these equipment last for 20 to 30 years. That would mean human beings still have to have themselves exposed to this pollution for two to three decades before they will be replaced with less-emitting machines. Taking this fact 3for every additional 10 micrograms of soot in a cubic mensuration of air is equivalent to 4.5% increase in heart attacks, how many lives will still be sacrificed in three decades? Being also a cancer-causing agent, soot pollution is not supposed to be interpreted for granted.The California Air Resources Board reported that soot is responsible for 70% of the risk of cancer from mobile toxics. No one is safe and exempted fro m the deadly effects of diesel pollution, especially those who are living in soot-polluted areas like California. In fact, the 26% increase in mortality rate in such areas is attributed to soot-pollution.One does not have to be an environmentalist in order to know what is actually going on with the air we all breathe. We do not have to be scientifically inclined in order to figure what these research studies figures are all about. We just have to have a little concern of the future, especially the lives of the children who have no chance of altering their future. Their only choice, if it is a choice, is to live in the world where their parents brought them up a polluted world brought about by industrialization. I am not against development, nor am I against industrialization. I am against the carelessness of the proponents of this development who obviously have overlooked the long term health effects of these processes.There is no escape to industrialization- the world, being gover ned by the laws of the material-driven humans, is inclined to be there. What has been done can no more be undone, and that is the sad truth. But there is a means of deterring the worst scenario laws that will bewilder the further use of soot-emitting engines or equipment.The government has to genuinely work hard to ensuring the safety of their people, as they are expected to do so. The human health and the environment can no more wait. The best time to act is now. The chance of this growing old world of getting a better place to live in is declining. We can no more turn back time, what has been lost is lost forever. Let us not lose what we still have today.WORKS CITEDWilson, Janet. The Dire Health Effects of Pollution Reported. The Los Angeles Times. December 05, 2006. Retrieved from http//www.topix.net/ essence/trb/3412963485317685650330925717330288178910 on February 20, 2007Environmental Health Perspectives. Seeing Through the Soot. Retrieved from http//www.ehp.niehs.nih.gov/memb ers/2002/110-8/innovations.html on February 20, 2007 Union of Concerned Scientists. Clean Vehicles. diesel engine Pollution Primer. Retrieved from http//www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/big_rig_cleanup/life-of-soot-diesel-pollution-emissions-and-health.html on February 20, 2007 Goldstein, Bernardo (2002). Pollution Health Article. Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health. The Gale Group, Inc. Macmillan Reference USA. bleak York. Retrieved from http//www.healthline.com/galecontent/pollution on February 20,2007

Stenden Hots Part C

SCM HOTEL MODULE ASSIGNMENT PDO PART C SCM HOTEL MODULE ASSIGNMENT PDO PART C new(prenominal) run Expenses at the society which makes a senior proud perturbation and a bad staff satibout . e in the HOTS game. division 2011-2012 faculty 3 Team 8 early(a) operational Expenses at the participation which makes a high turnover and a bad staff satibout . e in the HOTS game. Year 2011-2012 Module 3 Class 2PDOd Team 8 Inhalt 1 Performance dashboard course of instruction 2 & group Aere 33 lend turnover4 opine 1 kernel tax income. 4 paradigm 2 salary income5 Figure 3 f atomic number 18 inha eccentric sold6 Figure 4 Room tenancy %7 Figure 5 The fair room rate (ARR)8Figure 6 Revenue per available room (RevPAR)9 Figure 7 Public sentiency10 Figure 8 Staff turnover ( twelvemonthbook %)11 bench mark Internal category 2 &type A 3 using sport analysis12 gross sales13 Cost of sales13 payroll and Related13 Gross internet less wages13 different bespeak cost13 Total furbish up costs14 Income before taxes IT14 3. 3 benchmark Internal form 2&3 using DuPont analysis15 3. 4 Benchmark Best in competitive set17 3. 5 Benchmark with the industry19 Conclusion21 Performance dashboard class 2 & 3 In the chapter performance dashboard of stratum 2 & 3 an analysis of important protrudes in relation to the business SMC testament be given.The figures entail e truly month from every social class this means 4 days argon shown, year 0 until year 3. A congeries of 9 figures is used and will be individually explained. Total turnover Figure 1 Total revenue. The fit revenue of hotel SCM drive out be free-base in figure 1 which is shown above. The prevail two years the hotel do a locoweed to a greater extent than than revenue than previous years, this butt joint be explained by the coronation of the entrepreneurs. In the last two year to a greater extent revenue gage be made because of the investment in year zero and oneness. Due to investment t he facilities and comfort of hotel SCM expanded which numbers in high revenue.Figure 2 Net income The inter win income over the 4 years that SCM exists ar shown in figure 2. There is a lot fluctuation within one year especially when looking at January and December year one. In year one and a little less in year two the accedes shows that the figures atomic number 18 low and even negative. Year 2 and 3 are a bit more constant but with a remarkable negative figure in phratry year 2. These negative figures is due to the investments that are made. Implementation of serve, refurbishment and investing in food marketing makes the fare direct costs high which warps the net income negatively.After year one the average net income increased enormously. There were no big investments any longer and therefore no high cost which would influence the net income in a negative way. Figure 3 Total rooms sold In figure 3 an overview of the total rooms sold is shown. The hotel opened in year zero and from that morsel on the line is innovative which means on average a growth in total rooms sold can be reasond. In year 1 on average 2797 rooms were sold on monthly basis, in year 2 this number was 4196. The last year the total rooms sols increased again to 4699 rooms average sold on monthly basis.On average hotel hitherto improved itself every year with number of rooms sold because the total increased every year. Figure 4 Room occupancy % In figure 4 the room occupancy in regions is shown for the 4 years that hotel SCM exists. In year zero the occupancy percentage was the lowest and the highest for year three because of the progressive line which was also shown in total rooms sold. On yearly basis a unchanging line is shown with in April a high percentage and a decrease in occupancy percentage at the end of the year, this is relate to the high and low duration so is totally understandable.The low occupancy percentage in year zero can be explained due to the fact tha t the rooms werent done so couldnt be sold. Figure 5 The average room rate (ARR) The average room rate of hotel SCM is related to figure 5. The average room rate is pretty stable and is make full to the line of 100. Year one is on average near 10 $ dollars get off and year 2 shows relatively unstable line . The average room rate for year zero was 100. 10,for year one this is the lowest with a rate of 95. 38, year two shows an average room rate of 98. 32 and for the last year which is year three it is the highest with 103. 5. Figure 6 Revenue per available room (RevPAR) Figure 6 gives an inside in the revenue per available room (RevPAR) of hotel SCM. The figure shows the influence of the high and low season again January and December are low season and show a set about RevPAR, where July, August and September which are high season show the highest RevPAR. When comparing January year 3 40. 74 to August year 3 93. 92 this is a difference of 53. 18 in RevPAR all due to the influence of the high and low season. The RevPAR increased every year of existents of hotel SCM. Figure 7 Public awarenessPublic arwareness which can be found in figure 7 was approximatelything that was very important for hotel SCM thats why a lot investments were made in marketing. It shows how aware the worldly concern is of the existents of hotel SCM. In Year zero the hotel started with a very high universal awareness, in Year 3 the public awareness was the highest which is very positive because after 4 years people are still aware of the hotel. The high public awareness can be explained by the high investment in marketing, but is shows that its contributing and has a positive effect. The average public awareness for year zero 37. 65, for year 1 28. 65, for year 2 38. 07 and for the last year which is year 3 it was 48. 08. Figure 8 Staff turnover (annual %) Figure 8 shows the staff turnover in annual % over the 4 years. The figure shows that only year 1 is relatively stable year 1 and 3 are very unstable and fluctuated every month. In year zero the staff turnover was the lowest with an average of 27. 53%, in year 1 it increased to the percentage of 43. 44%, in year 2 it increased again while the average was 64. 13% and in year 3 this was the highest with an average of 70. 34%. Benchmark Internal year 2 & 3 using variance analysisIn this chapter the differences between the work out and the unquestionable results from year 2 and 3 will be given. A table with the estimated cipher which were made in HOTS assignment part B will be shown and explanation for the substantial results will be given. The budget in assignment B was based on the results of year 1. Year 1 Budget y2 Budget y3 Sales Rooms 3. 834. 606,00 6. 820. 937,50 9. 695. 312,50 viands 1. 943. 338,00 2. 332. 005,60 2. 681. 806,44 Beverage 887. 156,00 505. 689,20 581. 542,58 Other 328. 258,00 393. 909,60 452. 996,04 6. 993. 358,00 10. 052. 541,90 13. 411. 57,56 Cost of Sales Room 18. 321,0 0 32. 589,11 82. 397,41 solid food & Bev 1. 182. 670,00 1. 185. 678,72 1. 366. 999,36 Other 62. 957,00 75. 548,40 104. 256,79 1. 263. 948,00 1. 293. 816,23 1. 553. 653,57 Payroll & Related Front status 203. 371,00 166. 799,36 208. 499,20 class keeping 289. 856,00 166. 799,36 208. 499,20 Food & Bev 423. 309,00 416. 998,40 500. 398,08 Other 52. 594,00 109. 527,60 153. 338,64 969. 130,00 860. 124,72 1. 070. 735,12 Gross value less Wages Room 3. 323. 058,00 6. 54. 749,67 9. 195. 916,69 Food & Bev 1. 224. 515,00 1. 235. 017,68 1. 395. 951,58 Other 212. 707,00 208. 833,60 195. 400,61 4. 760. 280,00 7. 898. 600,95 10. 787. 268,87 central adm. Payroll 320. 224,00 250. 000,00 240. 000,00 Total Other Direct Costs 2. 347. 026,00 1. 200. 000,00 1. 150. 000,00 Income before FC 2. 093. 030,00 6. 448. 600,95 9. 397. 268,87 Total Fixed Costs 1. 180. 850,00 750. 000,00 850. 000,00 Income before IT 912. 180,00 5. 698. 600,95 8. 547. 268,87 Table 1 estim ated budget year 2 +3 SalesFor sales in year one the total fall 6. 993. 358,00 the hotel expected an amount of 10. 052. 541,90 based on the findings in table 1 out of assignment b. The actual sales income for year 2 is 12. 504. 685,00 so the actual result is part than expected. In year 3 the entrepreneurs expected an amount of 13. 411. 657,56 which was actually 14. 227. 255,00 again the result is fall apart than expected. These result can be explained because of the ARR that increased where in year 1 the figure ARR was around 90 in the 3 year it is around the 105/110. Cost of sales In year 2 hotel SCM expected a total of 1. 293. 16,2 in cost of sales but results in 2. 428. 178,00 which is or so 2 times that high. For year the 2 estimated amount was1. 553. 653,57 this was actually 2. 631. 055,00. The big difference in the estimated budget and the actual figures can be explained due to the high marketing costs which were made as mentioned in chapter 1 figure 7. High costs in marke ting resulted in a high public awareness which was advantageously for the company.Payroll and Related 1. 362. 446,00 is the actual total amount for year 2 for payroll and related while the estimated amount was 860. 124,72, for year 3 the expectations were an amount of 1. 70. 735,12 which was finally 1. 556. 499,00. These amounts are a lot higher due to the homeworks and employee costs which are made, hotel SCM had a high occupancy so all employees were needed and training was necessary to remain customer satisfaction and quality. Of course the training and salaries influence employee satisfaction and the entrepreneurs believe that skilful employees do their job better. Gross profit less wages In year 2 a decrease in gross profit less wages is estimated to the amount of 7. 898. 600,95 and resulted in 8. 797. 635,00 which is a bit higher, for year 3 10. 787. 68,87 was expected where 10. 134. 228,00 which is a bit discredit. The budget is very close to the estimated budget in year 2 the gross profit is 70,4% and in year 3 even 71,2% on the income statement. Other direct costs 3. 692. 438,00 instead of 1. 200. 000,00 for other direct costs in year 2, 4. 687. 714,00 instead of 1. 150. 000,00. These figures are tremendously higher than were estimated, this is due to investment in facilities. The strategy of hotel SCM was non to spend that much on refurbishment but to remain quality the hotel had to do it to be able to compete with the other hotels.Therefore no hotel shop was built because otherwise the other direct costs would be even higher. Total fixed costs In year 1 the Total fixed costs percentage was 16. 9% which meant 1. 180. 850,00$, for year 2 and estimation of 750. 000,00 was made and resulted in 1. 159. 593,00 (9,3%). In year 3 estimated budget was 850. 000,00 which was finally 1. 053. 443,00 (7,4%). The estimated budget was actually very low when looking at the percentage. The percentage for the fixed costs has decreased which is healthy and are rel atively low, which is positive for hotel SCM. Income before taxes IT The income before IT year 2 was 3. 509. 143,00 which is lower than the expected amount of 5. 698. 600,95. 3. 913. 793,00 was the income before taxes in year 3 which is a lot lower than the estimated amount of 8. 547. 268,87. The income before taxes are a lot lower than expected which is unfortunate. 3. 3 Benchmark Internal year 2&3 using DuPont analysis In the following Text is explained which progress the Hotel SCM did based on the DuPont analysis. As one can see in the DuPont analysis year 2 related to year 3 the net profit and total revenue increased.That is positive but looking at the ratios analogous net profit margin, asset turnover, return on asset, financial leverage multiplier and return on truth it can be considered that SMC performed in year 2 better even the net profit is lower. The Profit margin is an indicator for profitability in a company. It shows how much money is made out of the total revenu e in percentage. In some(prenominal) years it was made around 20% which Is very good but in year 3 it was a bit lower. The reason was more costs which take down the net profit. In both years is the asset turnover around 0. 9.That is all right because when the profit margin is high then in the near cases the asset turnover is low. That doesn? t mean that SCM performed bad, is only when a unspoken rule in finance, because of that you have to take more than one ration in consideration to decide which company is healthy or not. Return on assets is in year 3 17,03% and in year 2 18,07%. It can be conclude that the ROA decreased just 1%. It is interest for new investors. A high ROA means that the company generates a lot of money out of a lower investment. So actually it can be assumed that investing more money can generate more profit.Furthermore the financial leverage multiplier is very important. In both years it is 1,21, that is for investors a good indicator to judge on the health iness of an company. A high leverage means that a Company covers the investments with foreign money. A low number means that the company uses the gained money to reinvest. The reason because SMC has a low leverage is because it was no need to invest a higher amount of money like to build more rooms so SMC had not taken a higher impart or need to sale mire share which is not possible in the HOTS game.Moreover the last and one of the most important ratios is Return on equity. A high ROE is necessary for a company to collect more shareholders which invest in the company. It decreased in year 3 but it is still more than 20 %. SMC performed in both years very good just in year 3 it was worse. 3. 4 Benchmark Best in competitive set SMC had an end ranking of the 3rd place. We are going to compare ourselves to Lilihotel which won the game. Operations SMC had the highest RevPar so it is not necessary to compare it. The gross operate Profit was 34,91 % and lilihotel had 43,79%.That means l ilihotel gained more money with less costs. Moreover lilihotel had a higher rooms market share. The reason is that lilihotel built more rooms so it could be sold more as closely and it was sold 7 more in average compared to SMC. Owner SMC had 29,35% ROCE and lilihotel 40. 85%. That ratio shows how much the companies gained fend for out of the investment. The Hotel SMC did not invest so much in year 2 and 3 so the performing was worse. It was no Hotel shop and no more rooms were built even that SMC had no loan anymore. Looked at the balance sheet of the company SCM, there were more the 3 million $ on the ccount. On one hap it is positive to have saved money but so much is hurt to safe because the money could be invested to generated more. Guest SMC is better than lilihotel so it should not be compared. But SMC was not as good as Team 7 which reached 100% lymph gland satisfaction. It can be explained because the companys image index was 109,81 compared to SMC which just had 74,76 . The reason can be the missing Hotel shop. Staff Of both Hotels is the Staff satisfaction the comparable with 70%. SMC got the lower ranking because the staff turnover was lower than at lilihotel.The winner in that part was Team 7. They had the lowest staff turnover. That mean the company had a better planning in staff hiring in busy times. Overall it can be concluded that in every part were little differences, so it cannot be told that SMC performed so much less than lilihotel. 3. 5 Benchmark with the industry Hotel SMC Year 3 Hosta 2011>250 rooms Differences Revenue Rooms 50,7% 58% -7,3% Food 30,67% 24% 6,67% Beverage 12,33% 8% 4,33% Other income 6,3% 10% -3,7% Total Revenues 100% 100% Cost of Sales Food 12,1% 7% 5,1% Beverage 5,0% 2% 3,0% Other Departments 0,7% 1% -0,3% Total Cost of Sales 17,8% 10% 7,8% Payroll & Related Rooms 5,3% 10% -4,7% Food & Beverage 5,0% 14% -9,0% Central disposal 2,7% 4% -1,3% Other departments 0,7% 3% -2,3% Total Payroll & Relat ed 13,7 31% -17,3% Other Operating Expenses Rooms 6,9% 5% 1,9% Food & Beverage 1,3% 2% -0,7% Other departments 0,6% 2% -1,4% Total Other Operating Expenses 8,8% 9% -0,2% Undistributed Operating Expenses Administration & General 2,6% 3% -0,4% marketing 13,5% 3% 10,5% Energy Cost 0,3% 3% -2,7% Property Operating 1,9% 2% -0,1% Total Undistributed Expenses 18,3% 11% 7,3% Total Expenses 58,6% 61,2% -2,6% Income Before Fixed Charges 34,9% 38,8% -3,9% In the following the company SMC is compared to the Hosta report 2011 which is a report round the industrial averages in the hospitality industry. In that case we are just focusing on hotels with more than 250 rooms. Revenue In Food & Beverage the Hotel SMC performed better than the industrial average.In Food 6,67% better and in Beverage 4,33% better. Moreover the company is worse in rooms and in the account other income that can be because it was not implemented a Hotel shop. As well SMC did not build more rooms. It can be co ncluded that SMC need more time to run the business properly to reach the industrial average in Rooms to gain more revenue. Cost of Sales In total SMC had 7,8% more cost of sales than the average. That shows that a lot of improvement is necessary. The right balance between marketing, suppliers, extra services and the total revenue.Sometimes should SMC lower the standard to gain more net profit because the cost a lower than as well. Payroll & Related Take the Hosta report in consideration than it shows that the hotel SCM is 17,3% lower in Payrolls as the average. First it looks positive because that means less costs on the other hand when the employees now that there are underpaid related to the average then the will not work anymore at the company which makes a high turnover and a bad staff satisfaction. Other Operating Expenses The company SCM had 1,9% more expenses the in the hosta report. Moreover the total is 0,2% lower than the average.It can be conclude that the expenses a relative high because the hosta report is for hotels with more than 250 rooms. SMC has exactly 250 rooms which means that the expenses are to high. In the next year It should be figured out how to lower it. Undistributed Operating Expenses SMC is outgo too much on marketing, 10,5% more than the average. But overall the total expenses are 2. 6 lower the industrial average which means that SMC do a good performance in that part. But on the long term the Hotel has to increase the income because it is 3,9% lower than in the hosta report mentioned. ConclusionFinancial Based on the findings showed in chapter 3. 3 the conclusion is drawn that the hotel is very healthy. The ROA decreased 1% which basically means when there will be more investment, the profit will increase and the financial leverage multiplier staid the same with 1,21. Operations What we have seen before, the operations on building new facilities was not that important in year 2 & 3. The hotel did not build extra rooms o r hotel show, but did, again, a lot of refurbishments. Technology and maintenance Like said before, there were some refurbishments done in rooms, front office and restaurant.This was done because of the lower guest ranking. HRM The costs of staff training was very high. This caused mayor other costs and the company did not really create a very constant amount of staff turnover. Marketing SCM hotel spent a lot of money on marketing, far more than its competitors. This resulted in very high costs, but also in a very high, constant public awareness. succeeding(prenominal) year Next year the hotel should try to sell more rooms. This cannot be done with spending more money on advertising, but in positive experiences and mouth to mouth.In addition the staff need to be well trained, although it would be recommended not to higher the staff training costs. This needs to be done with improved planning skills and a better schedule In addition, because of the opportunities in the Return on Ass ets, it would be wise to make some investments during year 4. There is no loan to take care of, so it could be a very big one which requires a lot of money. Moreover there should be a good guest and staff survey, what they think about the company and what needs some attention, so the hotel can provide better service to the needs of its employees and the guests. Appendixa